This paper describes a credit risk evaluation system that uses supervised probabilistic neural network (PNN) models based on the Dynamic Decay learning algorithm (DDA). The PNN-DDA has two parameters called positive and negative threshold. This learning algorithm trains very quickly. Thus it makes sense that we use a meta-heuristic algorithm such as particle swarm optimization to optimize these parameters. When using the meta-heuristic algorithm such PSO, the tuning process of parameters is implemented wisely. Thus in this paper we also obtained optimum threshold. Two credit datasets in UCI database are selected as the experimental data to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed model. The result shows that this new hybrid algorithm outperforms the most common used algorithm such as multi-layer neural network.
Published in | Automation, Control and Intelligent Systems (Volume 1, Issue 5) |
DOI | 10.11648/j.acis.20130105.12 |
Page(s) | 103-112 |
Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2013. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Probabilistic Neural Network Particle Swarm Optimization, Dynamic Decay Algorithm, Classification
[1] | Altman, E. I. (1968). FINANCIAL RATIOS, DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS AND THE PREDICTION OF CORPORATE BANKRUPTCY. The Journal of Finance, 23, 589-609. |
[2] | Beaver, W. H. (1966). Financial Ratios As Predictors of Failure. Journal of Accounting Research, 4, 71-111. |
[3] | Berthold, M. R., & Diamond, J. (1998). Constructive training of probabilistic neural networks. Neurocomputing, 19, pp. 167-183. |
[4] | Campbell, C & Ying, Y 2011, 'Learning with Support Vector Machines', in SYNTHESIS LECTURES ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE, Morgan and cLaypool. |
[5] | Charalambous, C., Charitou, A., & Kaourou, F. (2000). Comparative Analysis of Artificial Neural Network Models: Application in Bankruptcy Prediction. Annals of Operations Research, 99, 403-425. |
[6] | Chiang Tan, S., Rao, M. V. C., & Lim, C. (2006). An Adaptive Fuzzy Min-Max Conflict-Resolving Classifier. In A. Abraham, B. de Baets, M. Köppen & B. Nickolay (Eds.), Applied Soft Computing Technologies: The Challenge of Complexity (Vol. 34, pp. 65-76): Springer Berlin Heidelberg. |
[7] | Davis, R. H., Edelman, D. B., & Gammerman, A. J. (1992). Machine learning algorithms for credit-card applications. Journal of Mathematics Applied in Business and Industry, 4, 43–51. |
[8] | Desai, V. S., Crook, J. N., & Overstreet Jr, G. A. (1996). A comparison of neural networks and linear scoring models in the credit union environment. European Journal of Operational Research, 95, 24-37. |
[9] | Ding, X., Yeh, C.-H., & Bedingfield, S. (2010). A Probabilistic Neural Network Approach to Modeling the Impact of Tobacco Control Policies by Gender. In Z. Zeng & J. Wang (Eds.), Advances in Neural Network Research and Applications (Vol. 67, pp. 869-876): Springer Berlin Heidelberg. |
[10] | Duda, R. O., Hart, P. E., & Stork, D. G. (2001). Pattern classification. New York: Wiley. |
[11] | Efrim Boritz, J., & Kennedy, D. B. (1995). Effectiveness of neural network types for prediction of business failure. Expert Systems with Applications, 9, 503-512. |
[12] | Elmer, Peter J., and David M. Borowski. (1988). An Expert System and Neural Networks Approach To Financial Analysis, Financial Management, No 12, 66-76. |
[13] | Hajmeer, M., & Basheer, I. (2002). A probabilistic neural network approach for modeling and classification of bacterial growth/no-growth data. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 51, 217-226. |
[14] | Han, J., Kamber, M., & Pei, J. (2012). Data mining concepts and techniques, third edition. In. Waltham, Mass.: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. |
[15] | Hassan, M. R., Ramamohanarao, K., Karmakar, C., Hossain, M. M., & Bailey, J. (2010). A Novel Scalable Multi-class ROC for Effective Visualization and Computation. In M. Zaki, J. Yu, B. Ravindran & V. Pudi (Eds.), Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (Vol. 6118, pp. 107-120): Springer Berlin Heidelberg. |
[16] | Henley, W. E. (1995). Statistical aspects of credit scoring. Dissertation, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK. |
[17] | Henley, W. E., & Hand, D. J. (1996). A k-nearest-neighbor classifier for assessing consumer credit risk. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series D: The Statistician, 45, 77-95. |
[18] | Hosmer, D. W., & Lemeshow, S. (2004). Applied logistic regression. Chichester: Wiley |
[19] | Hsieh, N. C. (2005). Hybrid mining approach in the design of credit scoring models. Expert Systems with Applications, 28, 655-665. |
[20] | Huang, C. L., Chen, M. C., & Wang, C. J. (2007). Credit scoring with a data mining approach based on support vector machines. Expert Systems with Applications, 33, 847-856. |
[21] | J.P. Morgan (April, 1998), Creditmetrics – Technical Document, New York, J.P. Morgan & Co. Incorporated. |
[22] | Jones, M. T. (2008). Artificial intelligence : a systems approach. Hingham, Mass.: Infinity Science Press. |
[23] | Kazemi, S. M. R., Hadavandi, E., Mehmanpazir, F., & Nakhostin, M. M. (2013). A hybrid intelligent approach for modeling brand choice and constructing a market response simulator. Knowledge-Based Systems, 40, 101-110. |
[24] | Kennedy, J. and Eberhart, R. (1995). Particle swarm optimization, Proceeding. IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks (ICNN), Nov./Dec., Australia, Pages 1942–1948. |
[25] | Khashman, A. (2010). Neural networks for credit risk evaluation: Investigation of different neural models and learning schemes. Expert Systems with Applications, 37, 6233-6239. |
[26] | Lee, J. J., Kim, D., Chang, S. K., & Nocete, C. F. M. (2009). An improved application technique of the adaptive probabilistic neural network for predicting concrete strength. Computational Materials Science, 44, 988-998. |
[27] | Lee, K. C., Han, I., & Kwon, Y. (1996). Hybrid neural network models for bankruptcy predictions. Decision Support Systems, 18, 63-72. |
[28] | M. Berthold, J. Diamond, "Boosting the Performance of RBF Networks with Dynamic Decay Adjustment", Proc. of the Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), Denver, USA, vol. 7, pp. 521-528, 1995. |
[29] | Malhotra, R., & Malhotra, D. K. (2002). Differentiating between good credits and bad credits using neuro-fuzzy systems. European Journal of Operational Research, 136, 190-211. |
[30] | Mantzaris, D., Anastassopoulos, G., & Adamopoulos, A. (2011). Genetic algorithm pruning of probabilistic neural networks in medical disease estimation. Neural Networks, 24, 831-835. |
[31] | Min, J. H., & Lee, Y. C. (2005). Bankruptcy prediction using support vector machine with optimal choice of kernel function parameters. Expert Systems with Applications, 28, 603-614. |
[32] | Mira, J., Sánchez-Andrés, J. V., Engineering Applications of Bio-Inspired Artificial Neural Networks. Alicante, Spain, vol. 2, 1999. |
[33] | Murphy, P. M., Aha, D. W. (2001). UCI repository of machine learning databases. Department of Information and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, CA. Available from http://www.ics. uci.edu/mlearn/MLRepository.htmlurlhttp://www.ics.uci.edu/mlearn/MLRepository.html. |
[34] | Ohlson, & James, A. (1980). Financial Ratios and the Probabilistic Prediction of Bankruptcy. Journal of Accounting Research, 18, 109. |
[35] | Paetz, J. (2002). Feature selection for RBF networks. In Neural Information Processing, 2002. ICONIP '02. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on (Vol. 2, pp. 986-990 vol.982). |
[36] | Rakotomamonjy, A. (2004). Optimizing area under ROC curves with SVMs. In Proceedings of the ECAI-2004 Workshop on ROC Analysis in AI. |
[37] | Reichert, A. K., Cho, C.-C., & Wagner, G. M. (1983). An Examination of the Conceptual Issues Involved in Developing Credit-Scoring Models. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 1, 101-114. |
[38] | Saunders, A., Allen, L., & Saunders, A. (2002). Credit risk measurement in and out of the financial crisis: new approaches to value at risk and other paradigms. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 2nd edition. |
[39] | Shin, K. S., & Lee, Y. J. (2002). A genetic algorithm application in bankruptcy prediction modeling. Expert Systems with Applications, 23, 321-328. |
[40] | Shin, K. S., Lee, T. S., & Kim, H. J. (2005). An application of support vector machines in bankruptcy prediction model. Expert Systems with Applications, 28, 127-135. |
[41] | Specht, D. F. (1988). Probabilistic neural networks for classification, mapping, or associative memory. In Neural Networks, 1988., IEEE International Conference on (pp. 525-532 vol.521). |
[42] | Specht, D. F. (1991). A general regression neural network. Neural Networks, IEEE Transactions on, 2, 568-576. |
[43] | Tam, C. M., Tong, T. K. L., Lau, T. C. T., & Chan, K. K. (2004). Diagnosis of prestressed concrete pile defects using probabilistic neural networks. Engineering Structures, 26, 1155-1162. |
[44] | Topouzelis K., V. Karathanassi, P. Pavlakis, D. Rokos, 2004. Oil spill detection using RBF Neural Networks and SAR data, XXth ISPRS Congress, Istanbul, Turkey, July 2004 |
[45] | Übeyli, E. D. (2008). Implementing eigenvector methods/probabilistic neural networks for analysis of EEG signals. Neural Networks, 21, 1410-1417. |
[46] | Varetto, F. (1998). Genetic algorithms applications in the analysis of insolvency risk. Journal of Banking and Finance, 22, 1421-1439. |
[47] | West, D. (2000). Neural network credit scoring models. Computers and Operations Research, 27, 1131-1152. |
APA Style
Reza Narimani, Ahmad Narimani. (2013). Classification Credit Dataset Using Particle Swarm Optimization and Probabilistic Neural Network Models Based on the Dynamic Decay Learning Algorithm. Automation, Control and Intelligent Systems, 1(5), 103-112. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.acis.20130105.12
ACS Style
Reza Narimani; Ahmad Narimani. Classification Credit Dataset Using Particle Swarm Optimization and Probabilistic Neural Network Models Based on the Dynamic Decay Learning Algorithm. Autom. Control Intell. Syst. 2013, 1(5), 103-112. doi: 10.11648/j.acis.20130105.12
AMA Style
Reza Narimani, Ahmad Narimani. Classification Credit Dataset Using Particle Swarm Optimization and Probabilistic Neural Network Models Based on the Dynamic Decay Learning Algorithm. Autom Control Intell Syst. 2013;1(5):103-112. doi: 10.11648/j.acis.20130105.12
@article{10.11648/j.acis.20130105.12, author = {Reza Narimani and Ahmad Narimani}, title = {Classification Credit Dataset Using Particle Swarm Optimization and Probabilistic Neural Network Models Based on the Dynamic Decay Learning Algorithm}, journal = {Automation, Control and Intelligent Systems}, volume = {1}, number = {5}, pages = {103-112}, doi = {10.11648/j.acis.20130105.12}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.acis.20130105.12}, eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.acis.20130105.12}, abstract = {This paper describes a credit risk evaluation system that uses supervised probabilistic neural network (PNN) models based on the Dynamic Decay learning algorithm (DDA). The PNN-DDA has two parameters called positive and negative threshold. This learning algorithm trains very quickly. Thus it makes sense that we use a meta-heuristic algorithm such as particle swarm optimization to optimize these parameters. When using the meta-heuristic algorithm such PSO, the tuning process of parameters is implemented wisely. Thus in this paper we also obtained optimum threshold. Two credit datasets in UCI database are selected as the experimental data to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed model. The result shows that this new hybrid algorithm outperforms the most common used algorithm such as multi-layer neural network.}, year = {2013} }
TY - JOUR T1 - Classification Credit Dataset Using Particle Swarm Optimization and Probabilistic Neural Network Models Based on the Dynamic Decay Learning Algorithm AU - Reza Narimani AU - Ahmad Narimani Y1 - 2013/09/20 PY - 2013 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.acis.20130105.12 DO - 10.11648/j.acis.20130105.12 T2 - Automation, Control and Intelligent Systems JF - Automation, Control and Intelligent Systems JO - Automation, Control and Intelligent Systems SP - 103 EP - 112 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-5591 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.acis.20130105.12 AB - This paper describes a credit risk evaluation system that uses supervised probabilistic neural network (PNN) models based on the Dynamic Decay learning algorithm (DDA). The PNN-DDA has two parameters called positive and negative threshold. This learning algorithm trains very quickly. Thus it makes sense that we use a meta-heuristic algorithm such as particle swarm optimization to optimize these parameters. When using the meta-heuristic algorithm such PSO, the tuning process of parameters is implemented wisely. Thus in this paper we also obtained optimum threshold. Two credit datasets in UCI database are selected as the experimental data to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed model. The result shows that this new hybrid algorithm outperforms the most common used algorithm such as multi-layer neural network. VL - 1 IS - 5 ER -