Experimental Verification of Theoretical Configuration Mixing in the Energy Levels of Er II Spectra via Isotope Shift Measurements Using a FTS

Balkrishna Keraba Ankush; Mukul Narayan Deo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11

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Experimental Verification of Theoretical Configuration Mixing in the Energy Levels of Er II Spectra via Isotope Shift Measurements Using a FTS

Balkrishna Keraba Ankush, Mukul Narayan Deo

Published in American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics (Volume 5, Issue 2)

Received: 8 February 2017 Accepted: 22 February 2017 Published: 9 March 2017

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Abstract

We report the first detailed investigation on isotope shift, Δσ^{166, 170} measurements carried out in the spectrum of singly- ionized erbium (Er II/ Er⁺) recorded with a FTS. Isotope shift in 85 spectral lines were determined in the 350- 590 nm wavelength region. The source was accomplished of mixture of highly enriched isotopes of ¹⁶⁶Er: ¹⁷⁰Er in 7:10 ratio respectively and the detector was a photomultiplier tube. These investigations have contributed significantly to the understanding of the 92 known energy levels of Er⁺. Level isotope shift, ΔT^{166, 170} values have been evaluated for 29 even- and 63 odd- parity energy levels for the first time. On the basis of the derived level isotope shifts the configuration mixing was estimated for altogether 92 involved levels and compared those with the theoretically predicted configuration mixings available in the literature and found that both the theoretical and experimental mixings have excellent agreement with each other.

Published in	American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics (Volume 5, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11
Page(s)	10-20
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Isotope Shift, Configuration Mixing, Singly-Ionized Spectra, Fourier Transform Spectrometer, Hollow Cathode Lamp

References

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[3]	J. Sugar and J. Reader, “Ionization energies of the singly ionized rare earths”, J. Opt. Soc. Am., Vol. 55, pp. 1286, 1965.
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[5]	J. E. Lawler, C. Sneden, J. J. Cowan, J-F Wyart, I. I. Ivans, J. S. Sobeck, M. H. Stockett, E. A. D. Hartog, “Improved laboratory transition probabilities for Er II and application to the erbium abundances of the sun and five r- process-rich, metal-poor stars”, Astrophys. J., Supp. Ser., vol. 178 pp. 71, 2008.
[6]	J-F. Wyart and J. E. Lawler, “Theoretical interpretation and new energy levels in Er II”, Phys. Scr., vol. 79, pp. 045301, 2009.
[7]	U. Nielsen, K. T. Cheng, H. Ludvigsen, J. N. Xiao, “Hyperfine structure of 4f¹²6s and 4f¹²5d configurations in ¹⁶⁷Er II measured by collinear fast-beam laser and radio-frequency laser double-resonance spectroscopy”, Phys. Scr. vol. 34, pp. 776, 1986.
[8]	L. Wilets and L. C. Bradley, “Isotope shifts in Erbium” Phys. Rev. vol. 87, pp. 1018, 1952.
[9]	W. F. Meggers, C. H. Corliss, and B. F. Scribner, “Tables of spectral line intensities”, vol.145 NBS, Washington, 1975.
[10]	N. Spector and S. Held, “The first spectrum of erbium- description and classification” Report No: IA – 13554-T: Israel Atomic Energy Commission, 1980.
[11]	J. Čajko, and R. Textoris, “Determination of the intrinsic quadrupole moment of Er¹⁶² from a photoelectric measurement of the isotope shifts of the Er I and Er II lines”, Czech J. Phys. B. vol. 17. pp. 917, 1967.
[12]	J. Pacheva, “Summaries of the second EGAS- Conference” Hannover, 70 ISV, Fiz. Inst. Bulgar. Acad. Nauk, vol. 21 pp. 41, 1970.
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[14]	B. K. Ankush and M. N. Deo, “Isotope shift measurements in the 660 spectral lines of Er I covering the 340-605 nm wavelength region with a Fourier Transform Spectrometer”, JQSRT, vol. 155 pp. 96. 2015.
[15]	W. H. King, “Isotope shifts in Atomic Spectra”, New York Plenum Press, 1984.
[16]	M. Wilson, “Ab initio calculation of core relaxation and screening effects on \|ѱ(0)\|² for Sm and Eu”, J. Phys. B, vol. 52, pp. 18, 1972.

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Balkrishna Keraba Ankush, Mukul Narayan Deo. (2017). Experimental Verification of Theoretical Configuration Mixing in the Energy Levels of Er II Spectra via Isotope Shift Measurements Using a FTS. American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 5(2), 10-20. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11

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ACS Style

Balkrishna Keraba Ankush; Mukul Narayan Deo. Experimental Verification of Theoretical Configuration Mixing in the Energy Levels of Er II Spectra via Isotope Shift Measurements Using a FTS. Am. J. Astron. Astrophys. 2017, 5(2), 10-20. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11

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AMA Style

Balkrishna Keraba Ankush, Mukul Narayan Deo. Experimental Verification of Theoretical Configuration Mixing in the Energy Levels of Er II Spectra via Isotope Shift Measurements Using a FTS. Am J Astron Astrophys. 2017;5(2):10-20. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11,
  author = {Balkrishna Keraba Ankush and Mukul Narayan Deo},
  title = {Experimental Verification of Theoretical Configuration Mixing in the Energy Levels of Er II Spectra via Isotope Shift Measurements Using a FTS},
  journal = {American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {10-20},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaa.20170502.11},
  abstract = {We report the first detailed investigation on isotope shift, Δσ166, 170 measurements carried out in the spectrum of singly- ionized erbium (Er II/ Er+) recorded with a FTS. Isotope shift in 85 spectral lines were determined in the 350- 590 nm wavelength region. The source was accomplished of mixture of highly enriched isotopes of 166Er: 170Er in 7:10 ratio respectively and the detector was a photomultiplier tube. These investigations have contributed significantly to the understanding of the 92 known energy levels of Er+. Level isotope shift, ΔT166, 170 values have been evaluated for 29 even- and 63 odd- parity energy levels for the first time. On the basis of the derived level isotope shifts the configuration mixing was estimated for altogether 92 involved levels and compared those with the theoretically predicted configuration mixings available in the literature and found that both the theoretical and experimental mixings have excellent agreement with each other.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Experimental Verification of Theoretical Configuration Mixing in the Energy Levels of Er II Spectra via Isotope Shift Measurements Using a FTS
AU  - Balkrishna Keraba Ankush
AU  - Mukul Narayan Deo
Y1  - 2017/03/09
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11
T2  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JF  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JO  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
SP  - 10
EP  - 20
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-4686
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11
AB  - We report the first detailed investigation on isotope shift, Δσ166, 170 measurements carried out in the spectrum of singly- ionized erbium (Er II/ Er+) recorded with a FTS. Isotope shift in 85 spectral lines were determined in the 350- 590 nm wavelength region. The source was accomplished of mixture of highly enriched isotopes of 166Er: 170Er in 7:10 ratio respectively and the detector was a photomultiplier tube. These investigations have contributed significantly to the understanding of the 92 known energy levels of Er+. Level isotope shift, ΔT166, 170 values have been evaluated for 29 even- and 63 odd- parity energy levels for the first time. On the basis of the derived level isotope shifts the configuration mixing was estimated for altogether 92 involved levels and compared those with the theoretically predicted configuration mixings available in the literature and found that both the theoretical and experimental mixings have excellent agreement with each other.
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Balkrishna Keraba Ankush

Atomic and Molecular Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
Mukul Narayan Deo

High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India

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APA Style

Balkrishna Keraba Ankush, Mukul Narayan Deo. (2017). Experimental Verification of Theoretical Configuration Mixing in the Energy Levels of Er II Spectra via Isotope Shift Measurements Using a FTS. American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 5(2), 10-20. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11

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ACS Style

Balkrishna Keraba Ankush; Mukul Narayan Deo. Experimental Verification of Theoretical Configuration Mixing in the Energy Levels of Er II Spectra via Isotope Shift Measurements Using a FTS. Am. J. Astron. Astrophys. 2017, 5(2), 10-20. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11

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AMA Style

Balkrishna Keraba Ankush, Mukul Narayan Deo. Experimental Verification of Theoretical Configuration Mixing in the Energy Levels of Er II Spectra via Isotope Shift Measurements Using a FTS. Am J Astron Astrophys. 2017;5(2):10-20. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11,
  author = {Balkrishna Keraba Ankush and Mukul Narayan Deo},
  title = {Experimental Verification of Theoretical Configuration Mixing in the Energy Levels of Er II Spectra via Isotope Shift Measurements Using a FTS},
  journal = {American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics},
  volume = {5},
  number = {2},
  pages = {10-20},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaa.20170502.11},
  abstract = {We report the first detailed investigation on isotope shift, Δσ166, 170 measurements carried out in the spectrum of singly- ionized erbium (Er II/ Er+) recorded with a FTS. Isotope shift in 85 spectral lines were determined in the 350- 590 nm wavelength region. The source was accomplished of mixture of highly enriched isotopes of 166Er: 170Er in 7:10 ratio respectively and the detector was a photomultiplier tube. These investigations have contributed significantly to the understanding of the 92 known energy levels of Er+. Level isotope shift, ΔT166, 170 values have been evaluated for 29 even- and 63 odd- parity energy levels for the first time. On the basis of the derived level isotope shifts the configuration mixing was estimated for altogether 92 involved levels and compared those with the theoretically predicted configuration mixings available in the literature and found that both the theoretical and experimental mixings have excellent agreement with each other.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Experimental Verification of Theoretical Configuration Mixing in the Energy Levels of Er II Spectra via Isotope Shift Measurements Using a FTS
AU  - Balkrishna Keraba Ankush
AU  - Mukul Narayan Deo
Y1  - 2017/03/09
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11
T2  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JF  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
JO  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
SP  - 10
EP  - 20
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-4686
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170502.11
AB  - We report the first detailed investigation on isotope shift, Δσ166, 170 measurements carried out in the spectrum of singly- ionized erbium (Er II/ Er+) recorded with a FTS. Isotope shift in 85 spectral lines were determined in the 350- 590 nm wavelength region. The source was accomplished of mixture of highly enriched isotopes of 166Er: 170Er in 7:10 ratio respectively and the detector was a photomultiplier tube. These investigations have contributed significantly to the understanding of the 92 known energy levels of Er+. Level isotope shift, ΔT166, 170 values have been evaluated for 29 even- and 63 odd- parity energy levels for the first time. On the basis of the derived level isotope shifts the configuration mixing was estimated for altogether 92 involved levels and compared those with the theoretically predicted configuration mixings available in the literature and found that both the theoretical and experimental mixings have excellent agreement with each other.
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download