Genetic Diversity of <i>Nigella sativa</i> from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers

Sudhir S. P.; Alagappan Kumarappan; Jainendra Malakar; H. N. Verma

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15

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Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers

Sudhir S. P., Alagappan Kumarappan, Jainendra Malakar, H. N. Verma

Published in American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 4, Issue 6)

Received: 8 October 2016 Accepted: 10 November 2016 Published: 12 December 2016

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Abstract

Nigella sativa is one of the important commercial medicinal herbs. It is extensively used in the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. It is used in various medicinal, food and cosmetic preparations. It is proved to be anti-diabetic, anti-allergic, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antioxidant (free radical scavenger), anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory agent. The medicinal value of Nigella sativa seed is linked to its rich chemical contents, which is significantly influenced by geographical location, environmental conditions, and genetic makeup. In this study, the genetic diversity of Nigella sativa plant using RAPD markers was investigated. The samples were collected from various geographies like India, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Oman, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey. Plant DNA was extracted using Norgen's Plant/Fungi DNA Isolation Kit. 20 different Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were used to study the polymorphism in amplified bands among the 8 DNA samples of Nigella sativa from different geographies. Out of 20 RAPD primer used, 8 RAPD primers had provided amplification during PCR and scorable bands on 1.5 % agarose gel electrophoresis. Common DNA bands or fragments present in all accessions were not included in data as they are of a non-informative type. Only unambiguous and scorable polymorphic fragments were taken into consideration for analysis. The polymorphic bands were scored as 1 (as present) and 0 (as absent). Using UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages) and similarity coefficients, the relationships among the accessions were established. Based on the UPGMA method, the dendrogram divided the eight accessions into 4 clusters. Cluster 1 consisted of accessions S1 (India) and S2 (Pakistan) with a minute diversity of 0.101. Cluster 2 consisted of accessions S4 (Saudi Arabia), S6 (Syria) and S8 (Tunisia) along with S7 (Turkey) accession with minute genetic deviation. Cluster 3 consisted of accession S3 (Egypt). Cluster 4 consisted of accession S5 (Oman). Accession S3 (Egypt) and S5 (Oman) shown high genetic variations from other accession under study. The dendrogram indicated that there is significant impact of geographies on genetic diversity of Nigella sativa accession tested. This genetic diversity enables the Nigella sativa to adapt itself to varied environmental conditions in these geographies. The information on genetic diversity can further be linked to active medicinal compounds of the Nigella sativa seed. This could be very useful for the selection of germplasm resource for breeding and commercial sourcing.

Published in	American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 4, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15
Page(s)	175-180
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Nigella Sativa, Kalongi, Genetic Diversity, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers

References

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APA Style

Sudhir S. P., Alagappan Kumarappan, Jainendra Malakar, H. N. Verma. (2016). Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers. American Journal of Life Sciences, 4(6), 175-180. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15

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ACS Style

Sudhir S. P.; Alagappan Kumarappan; Jainendra Malakar; H. N. Verma. Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers. Am. J. Life Sci. 2016, 4(6), 175-180. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15

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AMA Style

Sudhir S. P., Alagappan Kumarappan, Jainendra Malakar, H. N. Verma. Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers. Am J Life Sci. 2016;4(6):175-180. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15,
  author = {Sudhir S. P. and Alagappan Kumarappan and Jainendra Malakar and H. N. Verma},
  title = {Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers},
  journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
  volume = {4},
  number = {6},
  pages = {175-180},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20160406.15},
  abstract = {Nigella sativa  is one of the important commercial medicinal herbs. It is extensively used in the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. It is used in various medicinal, food and cosmetic preparations. It is proved to be anti-diabetic, anti-allergic, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antioxidant (free radical scavenger), anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory agent. The medicinal value of Nigella sativa  seed is linked to its rich chemical contents, which is significantly influenced by geographical location, environmental conditions, and genetic makeup. In this study, the genetic diversity of Nigella sativa  plant using RAPD markers was investigated. The samples were collected from various geographies like India, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Oman, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey. Plant DNA was extracted using Norgen's Plant/Fungi DNA Isolation Kit. 20 different Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were used to study the polymorphism in amplified bands among the 8 DNA samples of Nigella sativa  from different geographies. Out of 20 RAPD primer used, 8 RAPD primers had provided amplification during PCR and scorable bands on 1.5 % agarose gel electrophoresis. Common DNA bands or fragments present in all accessions were not included in data as they are of a non-informative type. Only unambiguous and scorable polymorphic fragments were taken into consideration for analysis. The polymorphic bands were scored as 1 (as present) and 0 (as absent). Using UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages) and similarity coefficients, the relationships among the accessions were established. Based on the UPGMA method, the dendrogram divided the eight accessions into 4 clusters. Cluster 1 consisted of accessions S1 (India) and S2 (Pakistan) with a minute diversity of 0.101. Cluster 2 consisted of accessions S4 (Saudi Arabia), S6 (Syria) and S8 (Tunisia) along with S7 (Turkey) accession with minute genetic deviation. Cluster 3 consisted of accession S3 (Egypt). Cluster 4 consisted of accession S5 (Oman). Accession S3 (Egypt) and S5 (Oman) shown high genetic variations from other accession under study. The dendrogram indicated that there is significant impact of geographies on genetic diversity of Nigella sativa  accession tested. This genetic diversity enables the Nigella sativa  to adapt itself to varied environmental conditions in these geographies. The information on genetic diversity can further be linked to active medicinal compounds of the Nigella sativa  seed. This could be very useful for the selection of germplasm resource for breeding and commercial sourcing.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers
AU - Sudhir S. P.
AU - Alagappan Kumarappan
AU - Jainendra Malakar
AU - H. N. Verma
Y1 - 2016/12/12
PY - 2016
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15
DO - 10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15
T2 - American Journal of Life Sciences
JF - American Journal of Life Sciences
JO - American Journal of Life Sciences
SP - 175
EP - 180
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-5737
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15
AB - Nigella sativa is one of the important commercial medicinal herbs. It is extensively used in the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. It is used in various medicinal, food and cosmetic preparations. It is proved to be anti-diabetic, anti-allergic, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antioxidant (free radical scavenger), anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory agent. The medicinal value of Nigella sativa seed is linked to its rich chemical contents, which is significantly influenced by geographical location, environmental conditions, and genetic makeup. In this study, the genetic diversity of Nigella sativa plant using RAPD markers was investigated. The samples were collected from various geographies like India, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Oman, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey. Plant DNA was extracted using Norgen's Plant/Fungi DNA Isolation Kit. 20 different Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were used to study the polymorphism in amplified bands among the 8 DNA samples of Nigella sativa from different geographies. Out of 20 RAPD primer used, 8 RAPD primers had provided amplification during PCR and scorable bands on 1.5 % agarose gel electrophoresis. Common DNA bands or fragments present in all accessions were not included in data as they are of a non-informative type. Only unambiguous and scorable polymorphic fragments were taken into consideration for analysis. The polymorphic bands were scored as 1 (as present) and 0 (as absent). Using UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages) and similarity coefficients, the relationships among the accessions were established. Based on the UPGMA method, the dendrogram divided the eight accessions into 4 clusters. Cluster 1 consisted of accessions S1 (India) and S2 (Pakistan) with a minute diversity of 0.101. Cluster 2 consisted of accessions S4 (Saudi Arabia), S6 (Syria) and S8 (Tunisia) along with S7 (Turkey) accession with minute genetic deviation. Cluster 3 consisted of accession S3 (Egypt). Cluster 4 consisted of accession S5 (Oman). Accession S3 (Egypt) and S5 (Oman) shown high genetic variations from other accession under study. The dendrogram indicated that there is significant impact of geographies on genetic diversity of Nigella sativa accession tested. This genetic diversity enables the Nigella sativa to adapt itself to varied environmental conditions in these geographies. The information on genetic diversity can further be linked to active medicinal compounds of the Nigella sativa seed. This could be very useful for the selection of germplasm resource for breeding and commercial sourcing.
VL - 4
IS - 6
ER -

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Author Information

Sudhir S. P.

Department of Life Science, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India
Alagappan Kumarappan

Department of Microbiology, Marine Biology, and Virology, University of Modern Sciences, Dubai, UAE
Jainendra Malakar

Department of Science, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, India
H. N. Verma

Department of Life Science, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India

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APA Style

Sudhir S. P., Alagappan Kumarappan, Jainendra Malakar, H. N. Verma. (2016). Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers. American Journal of Life Sciences, 4(6), 175-180. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15

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ACS Style

Sudhir S. P.; Alagappan Kumarappan; Jainendra Malakar; H. N. Verma. Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers. Am. J. Life Sci. 2016, 4(6), 175-180. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15

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AMA Style

Sudhir S. P., Alagappan Kumarappan, Jainendra Malakar, H. N. Verma. Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers. Am J Life Sci. 2016;4(6):175-180. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15,
  author = {Sudhir S. P. and Alagappan Kumarappan and Jainendra Malakar and H. N. Verma},
  title = {Genetic Diversity of Nigella sativa from Different Geographies Using RAPD Markers},
  journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
  volume = {4},
  number = {6},
  pages = {175-180},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20160406.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20160406.15},
  abstract = {Nigella sativa  is one of the important commercial medicinal herbs. It is extensively used in the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. It is used in various medicinal, food and cosmetic preparations. It is proved to be anti-diabetic, anti-allergic, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antioxidant (free radical scavenger), anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory agent. The medicinal value of Nigella sativa  seed is linked to its rich chemical contents, which is significantly influenced by geographical location, environmental conditions, and genetic makeup. In this study, the genetic diversity of Nigella sativa  plant using RAPD markers was investigated. The samples were collected from various geographies like India, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Oman, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey. Plant DNA was extracted using Norgen's Plant/Fungi DNA Isolation Kit. 20 different Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were used to study the polymorphism in amplified bands among the 8 DNA samples of Nigella sativa  from different geographies. Out of 20 RAPD primer used, 8 RAPD primers had provided amplification during PCR and scorable bands on 1.5 % agarose gel electrophoresis. Common DNA bands or fragments present in all accessions were not included in data as they are of a non-informative type. Only unambiguous and scorable polymorphic fragments were taken into consideration for analysis. The polymorphic bands were scored as 1 (as present) and 0 (as absent). Using UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages) and similarity coefficients, the relationships among the accessions were established. Based on the UPGMA method, the dendrogram divided the eight accessions into 4 clusters. Cluster 1 consisted of accessions S1 (India) and S2 (Pakistan) with a minute diversity of 0.101. Cluster 2 consisted of accessions S4 (Saudi Arabia), S6 (Syria) and S8 (Tunisia) along with S7 (Turkey) accession with minute genetic deviation. Cluster 3 consisted of accession S3 (Egypt). Cluster 4 consisted of accession S5 (Oman). Accession S3 (Egypt) and S5 (Oman) shown high genetic variations from other accession under study. The dendrogram indicated that there is significant impact of geographies on genetic diversity of Nigella sativa  accession tested. This genetic diversity enables the Nigella sativa  to adapt itself to varied environmental conditions in these geographies. The information on genetic diversity can further be linked to active medicinal compounds of the Nigella sativa  seed. This could be very useful for the selection of germplasm resource for breeding and commercial sourcing.},
 year = {2016}
}

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