Agriculture Economic Development Strategy in Côte d’Ivoire

Noufou Coulibaly

doi:doi:10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12

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Agriculture Economic Development Strategy in Côte d’Ivoire

Noufou Coulibaly

Published in Economics (Volume 5, Issue 5)

Received: 8 October 2016 Accepted: 27 October 2016 Published: 12 December 2016

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Abstract

Côte d’Ivoire has built its economic development on agriculture. This sector still remains the engine of its economic growth. The production system which consists essentially of extensive culture and based on natural fertility is compromised because the forest has decreased from 10.8 million hectares in 1960 to less than 1.5 million ha in 2016. This study aimed to determine an optimal allowance of the forest lands to the agricultural activities and to compare it to those cultivated, in order to appreciate the efficient use of this resource. It emerges from our study that only 2 276 000 hectares of land should be allocated to the agricultural sector instead of 9.5 million hectares and 12.5 million hectares of fallow land. When taking into account the prices of agricultural products from 1960 to 1981, it can be considered that the Ivorian agriculture was no efficient because the real surfaces cultivated were lower than those expected to be realized. By cons, after 1981, with the exception of 1992 and 1993, the agricultural sector was not efficient, as more forest lands were used for agriculture than was necessary. The respect of optimal allowance of forest lands for agricultural activities could have to garner an additional average annual farm income of between 3 686 and 5 748 billion CFA francs, as contribution of agriculture in Gross Domestic Product; illustrating the economic importance of the strategy of optimal allocation of forest lands in addition to the positive externalities that could induce. In order to reverse the trend of degradation, the agricultural development of Côte d’Ivoire should focus on: the optimal planning of land for a blooming of its different uses (agriculture, forestry, urbanization) in favor of a sustainable economic development; the development of analysis capacities, anticipation, adaptation and innovation of family farmers and all rural stakeholders; the encouragement and the raising awareness of the producers to the fixation of the cultivated areas, the intensification or modernization of the farms, the proper management of the Farmers Organizations and the proper structuring of the agricultural sectors; the control of the various balances for a sustainable development; the support of this strategy with an adequate apparatus for Farm Credit Management Council, and an adequate institutional framework.

Published in	Economics (Volume 5, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12
Page(s)	73-80
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Optimal Land Planning, Optimal Allocation of Land, Economic Development of the Agricultural Sector, Environmental Balance, Efficiency, Sustainability

References

[1]	Ministère du Plan. Stratégie de relance du développement et de la réduction de la pauvreté, 2009, Institut National des Statistiques, “La Côte d’Ivoire en Chiffre” 1980-1990, Compte des Nations -1960-89 et Tableau Ressources Emploi (TRE) 1990-2013, Statistiques économique 2015.
[2]	D. W Pearce. " La gestion des ressources naturelles renouvelables et les incitations économiques" Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, 1987 pp. 12-88.
[3]	W. Leontief, “Les repercussions de l’environnement sur la structure Economique: Une approche Input-Output”, the review of Economics and Statistics, Vol III, N°3, Août 1970.
[4]	G. R. Walter; Economics of Multiple-Use Forestry. Journal of Environmental Management, 5 (1977), pp. 345–356.
[5]	Lugo A., Schmidt R. et Brown S., “Tropicalforsts in the Carribbean”, Ambio, pp. 318-324, 1981.
[6]	I. Cléroux et J. M. Salles“ Modélisation économique de la dynamique des forêt: Une revue de littérature”, Cahiers d’économie et sociologie rurales numéro 41,pp. 92-147, 1996.
[7]	McConnell, K. E., The Quantity of Land in Agriculture. Northeastern Journal of Agriculture and Resource Economics, (18), 2, 1989.
[8]	S. Ehui and T. Hertel, "Deforestation and Agricultural Productivité in the Côte d’Ivoire" American Journal Economics Association, August 1989, pp. 702-711.
[9]	A. Aké et B. Dian, "Développement Agricole et Protection de la Forêt: Quel Avenir pour la Forêt Ivoirienne?" Compte rendu de la XIIe réunion de l'Association pour l'Étude Taxonomique de la Flore d'Afrique Tropicale (AETFAT), hamburg 1990, pp. 169-175.
[10]	Ministère de l'Agriculture. "Annuaire des Statistiques Agricoles et Forestières", 1900-1989, 1992, 1994, "Plan Directeur du développement agricole 1992-2015" Fevrier 1997, 165 p. «Rapport d'activité" et statistique agricole 1980-2016..
[11]	Ministère de l'Environnement. "Environnement et Développement" Rapport National sur l'état de l'environnement en Côte d'Ivoire, 5 juin 1991 à Abidjan, 116 p. "Livre blanc de l'environnement de Côte d'Ivoire" Plan National d'Action pour l'Environnement (PNAE-CI), Novembre 1994, 179 pp.
[12]	Ministère des Eaux et Forêts. «Le Ministère des Eaux et Forêts Genèse, Activités et Perspectives", Rapport Direction du Domaine Forestier et du Reboisement, Décembre 1986, 121 p. " Plan Directeur forestier 1988-2015" Décembre 1988, 87 p. et rapports d’activité 1982-2014; Rapports d’activité SODEFOR 1990-2015.
[13]	USDA, “Sustainable Resource Use and Global Food Security, Sub-Saharan Africa” Agriculture resource and environments Indicators, Economic Research Service, Chapter 7.1, 18P, 2000. “Resources Policies and Agriculture Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa” Economic Research Report N°14, Fev 2013. Base on “World agriculture: Trends and indicators, Sub-Saharan Africa-’’ Data.worldbank.org.
[14]	Ministère de l’Economie et des Finances "Banque des données financière” 1996-2000.
[15]	BNETD, Département agriculture «Statitiques agricoles, forestières et d’élevage», 1990-2014.
[16]	Banque mondiale "Revue du secteur agricole, Côte d'Ivoire" Document de travail, Oct. 1994, 107 p."Vers un développement durable sur le plan environnemental en Afrique de l'ouest", Document de travail, janvier 1996, 44 p. “Plan National de Développement de Côte d’Ivoire” 2012.“World agriculture: Trends and indicators, Sub-Saharan Africa-’’ Data.worldbank.org.
[17]	T. Koné “Impact du cadre économique sur la gestion de l’environnement” Communication au séminaire national de lancement du PNAE-CI, Ministère de l’Environnement, 19-21 mai, 1992.
[18]	Noufou Coulibaly, «Déforestation et Activités Agricoles en Côte d’Ivoire: Recherche d’un nouvel équilibre», 1998, Thèse de Doctorat (Ph.D) à l’Université Laval, Québec, Canada, 144P.
[19]	A. Maragnani, «Enjeux de la formation Professionnelle et Technique dans le secteur agricole: Cas de l’Afrique de l’Ouest», 2008, 24P.
[20]	J. P. Tonneau, D. Louppe, F. Lançon, E. Vall, O. Mikolasek, F. Ruf, «Etude prospective sur le développement de l’agriculture en Côte d’Ivoire », CIRA- France, 117p, mars 2015.

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APA Style

Noufou Coulibaly. (2016). Agriculture Economic Development Strategy in Côte d’Ivoire. Economics, 5(5), 73-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12

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ACS Style

Noufou Coulibaly. Agriculture Economic Development Strategy in Côte d’Ivoire. Economics. 2016, 5(5), 73-80. doi: 10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12

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AMA Style

Noufou Coulibaly. Agriculture Economic Development Strategy in Côte d’Ivoire. Economics. 2016;5(5):73-80. doi: 10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12

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@article{10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12,
  author = {Noufou Coulibaly},
  title = {Agriculture Economic Development Strategy in Côte d’Ivoire},
  journal = {Economics},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {73-80},
  doi = {10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eco.20160505.12},
  abstract = {Côte d’Ivoire has built its economic development on agriculture. This sector still remains the engine of its economic growth. The production system which consists essentially of extensive culture and based on natural fertility is compromised because the forest has decreased from 10.8 million hectares in 1960 to less than 1.5 million ha in 2016. This study aimed to determine an optimal allowance of the forest lands to the agricultural activities and to compare it to those cultivated, in order to appreciate the efficient use of this resource. It emerges from our study that only 2 276 000 hectares of land should be allocated to the agricultural sector instead of 9.5 million hectares and 12.5 million hectares of fallow land. When taking into account the prices of agricultural products from 1960 to 1981, it can be considered that the Ivorian agriculture was no efficient because the real surfaces cultivated were lower than those expected to be realized. By cons, after 1981, with the exception of 1992 and 1993, the agricultural sector was not efficient, as more forest lands were used for agriculture than was necessary. The respect of optimal allowance of forest lands for agricultural activities could have to garner an additional average annual farm income of between 3 686 and 5 748 billion CFA francs, as contribution of agriculture in Gross Domestic Product; illustrating the economic importance of the strategy of optimal allocation of forest lands in addition to the positive externalities that could induce. In order to reverse the trend of degradation, the agricultural development of Côte d’Ivoire should focus on: the optimal planning of land for a blooming of its different uses (agriculture, forestry, urbanization) in favor of a sustainable economic development; the development of analysis capacities, anticipation, adaptation and innovation of family farmers and all rural stakeholders; the encouragement and the raising awareness of the producers to the fixation of the cultivated areas, the intensification or modernization of the farms, the proper management of the Farmers Organizations and the proper structuring of the agricultural sectors; the control of the various balances for a sustainable development; the support of this strategy with an adequate apparatus for Farm Credit Management Council, and an adequate institutional framework.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Agriculture Economic Development Strategy in Côte d’Ivoire
AU  - Noufou Coulibaly
Y1  - 2016/12/12
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12
T2  - Economics
JF  - Economics
JO  - Economics
SP  - 73
EP  - 80
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-6603
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12
AB  - Côte d’Ivoire has built its economic development on agriculture. This sector still remains the engine of its economic growth. The production system which consists essentially of extensive culture and based on natural fertility is compromised because the forest has decreased from 10.8 million hectares in 1960 to less than 1.5 million ha in 2016. This study aimed to determine an optimal allowance of the forest lands to the agricultural activities and to compare it to those cultivated, in order to appreciate the efficient use of this resource. It emerges from our study that only 2 276 000 hectares of land should be allocated to the agricultural sector instead of 9.5 million hectares and 12.5 million hectares of fallow land. When taking into account the prices of agricultural products from 1960 to 1981, it can be considered that the Ivorian agriculture was no efficient because the real surfaces cultivated were lower than those expected to be realized. By cons, after 1981, with the exception of 1992 and 1993, the agricultural sector was not efficient, as more forest lands were used for agriculture than was necessary. The respect of optimal allowance of forest lands for agricultural activities could have to garner an additional average annual farm income of between 3 686 and 5 748 billion CFA francs, as contribution of agriculture in Gross Domestic Product; illustrating the economic importance of the strategy of optimal allocation of forest lands in addition to the positive externalities that could induce. In order to reverse the trend of degradation, the agricultural development of Côte d’Ivoire should focus on: the optimal planning of land for a blooming of its different uses (agriculture, forestry, urbanization) in favor of a sustainable economic development; the development of analysis capacities, anticipation, adaptation and innovation of family farmers and all rural stakeholders; the encouragement and the raising awareness of the producers to the fixation of the cultivated areas, the intensification or modernization of the farms, the proper management of the Farmers Organizations and the proper structuring of the agricultural sectors; the control of the various balances for a sustainable development; the support of this strategy with an adequate apparatus for Farm Credit Management Council, and an adequate institutional framework.
VL  - 5
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Noufou Coulibaly

Management and Applied Economics Department, Institut National Polytechnique Houphou?t Boigny, Yamoussoukro, C?te d’Ivoire

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APA Style

Noufou Coulibaly. (2016). Agriculture Economic Development Strategy in Côte d’Ivoire. Economics, 5(5), 73-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Noufou Coulibaly. Agriculture Economic Development Strategy in Côte d’Ivoire. Economics. 2016, 5(5), 73-80. doi: 10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12

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AMA Style

Noufou Coulibaly. Agriculture Economic Development Strategy in Côte d’Ivoire. Economics. 2016;5(5):73-80. doi: 10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12,
  author = {Noufou Coulibaly},
  title = {Agriculture Economic Development Strategy in Côte d’Ivoire},
  journal = {Economics},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {73-80},
  doi = {10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eco.20160505.12},
  abstract = {Côte d’Ivoire has built its economic development on agriculture. This sector still remains the engine of its economic growth. The production system which consists essentially of extensive culture and based on natural fertility is compromised because the forest has decreased from 10.8 million hectares in 1960 to less than 1.5 million ha in 2016. This study aimed to determine an optimal allowance of the forest lands to the agricultural activities and to compare it to those cultivated, in order to appreciate the efficient use of this resource. It emerges from our study that only 2 276 000 hectares of land should be allocated to the agricultural sector instead of 9.5 million hectares and 12.5 million hectares of fallow land. When taking into account the prices of agricultural products from 1960 to 1981, it can be considered that the Ivorian agriculture was no efficient because the real surfaces cultivated were lower than those expected to be realized. By cons, after 1981, with the exception of 1992 and 1993, the agricultural sector was not efficient, as more forest lands were used for agriculture than was necessary. The respect of optimal allowance of forest lands for agricultural activities could have to garner an additional average annual farm income of between 3 686 and 5 748 billion CFA francs, as contribution of agriculture in Gross Domestic Product; illustrating the economic importance of the strategy of optimal allocation of forest lands in addition to the positive externalities that could induce. In order to reverse the trend of degradation, the agricultural development of Côte d’Ivoire should focus on: the optimal planning of land for a blooming of its different uses (agriculture, forestry, urbanization) in favor of a sustainable economic development; the development of analysis capacities, anticipation, adaptation and innovation of family farmers and all rural stakeholders; the encouragement and the raising awareness of the producers to the fixation of the cultivated areas, the intensification or modernization of the farms, the proper management of the Farmers Organizations and the proper structuring of the agricultural sectors; the control of the various balances for a sustainable development; the support of this strategy with an adequate apparatus for Farm Credit Management Council, and an adequate institutional framework.},
 year = {2016}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Agriculture Economic Development Strategy in Côte d’Ivoire
AU  - Noufou Coulibaly
Y1  - 2016/12/12
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12
T2  - Economics
JF  - Economics
JO  - Economics
SP  - 73
EP  - 80
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-6603
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eco.20160505.12
AB  - Côte d’Ivoire has built its economic development on agriculture. This sector still remains the engine of its economic growth. The production system which consists essentially of extensive culture and based on natural fertility is compromised because the forest has decreased from 10.8 million hectares in 1960 to less than 1.5 million ha in 2016. This study aimed to determine an optimal allowance of the forest lands to the agricultural activities and to compare it to those cultivated, in order to appreciate the efficient use of this resource. It emerges from our study that only 2 276 000 hectares of land should be allocated to the agricultural sector instead of 9.5 million hectares and 12.5 million hectares of fallow land. When taking into account the prices of agricultural products from 1960 to 1981, it can be considered that the Ivorian agriculture was no efficient because the real surfaces cultivated were lower than those expected to be realized. By cons, after 1981, with the exception of 1992 and 1993, the agricultural sector was not efficient, as more forest lands were used for agriculture than was necessary. The respect of optimal allowance of forest lands for agricultural activities could have to garner an additional average annual farm income of between 3 686 and 5 748 billion CFA francs, as contribution of agriculture in Gross Domestic Product; illustrating the economic importance of the strategy of optimal allocation of forest lands in addition to the positive externalities that could induce. In order to reverse the trend of degradation, the agricultural development of Côte d’Ivoire should focus on: the optimal planning of land for a blooming of its different uses (agriculture, forestry, urbanization) in favor of a sustainable economic development; the development of analysis capacities, anticipation, adaptation and innovation of family farmers and all rural stakeholders; the encouragement and the raising awareness of the producers to the fixation of the cultivated areas, the intensification or modernization of the farms, the proper management of the Farmers Organizations and the proper structuring of the agricultural sectors; the control of the various balances for a sustainable development; the support of this strategy with an adequate apparatus for Farm Credit Management Council, and an adequate institutional framework.
VL  - 5
IS  - 5
ER  -

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