Regression of Carotid Plaques in Individuals at Low-to-intermediate Cardiovascular Risk Treated with Citozym and Propulzym

Torricelli Piera; Ferorelli Pasquale; De Martino Angelo; Antonelli Francesco; Shevchenko Anna; Beninati Simone

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12

| Peer-Reviewed

Regression of Carotid Plaques in Individuals at Low-to-intermediate Cardiovascular Risk Treated with Citozym and Propulzym

Torricelli Piera, Ferorelli Pasquale, De Martino Angelo, Antonelli Francesco, Shevchenko Anna, Beninati Simone

Published in European Journal of Preventive Medicine (Volume 2, Issue 3)

Received: 29 May 2014 Accepted: 17 June 2014 Published: 20 July 2014

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

A prospective trial was performed to assess coronary plaque regression following about 5 months of treatments with two dietary supplements, Citozym and Propulzym. Coronary segments that included the most diseased plaque of 20 selected patients were analyzed using carotid ultrasound (CDUS). Inclusion criteria were as follows: 20 subjects (10 of control group and 10 of test group) aged between 54 and 74 years with a clear diagnosis of carotid plaque and stenosis percentage of not less than 40% and not more than 70%. The data obtained showed a wide inter-individual variability, with a range of reduction from 4% to 27%. It is interesting to note that the plaque reduction in one patient reached a value of about 27% observable with the ultrasonic examination. Since it is clear that carotid plaque morphology/stability is one of the most important factor regarding the definition of cardiovascular risk, our preliminary results suggest the possibility of a non-invasive treatment of carotid plaque.

Published in	European Journal of Preventive Medicine (Volume 2, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12
Page(s)	33-37
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Dietary Supplements, Coronary Plaque, Carotid Ultrasound, Atherosclerosis

References

[1]	Johnston SC, Rothwell PM, Nguyen-Huynh MN, et al, Validation and refinement of scores to predict very early stroke risk after transient ischaemic attack in Lancet, 2007;369, nº 9558, 283-292.
[2]	Lewis, H. D.; Davis, J. W.; Archibald, D. G.; Steinke, W. E.; Smitherman, T. C.; Doherty Je, J. E.; Schnaper, H. W.; Lewinter, M. M.; Linares, E.; Pouget, J. M.; Sabharwal, S. C.; Chesler, E.; Demots, H. Protective Effects of Aspirin against Acute Myocardial Infarction and Death in Men with Unstable Angina". New England Journal of Medicine 1983;309 (7),396–403.
[3]	Nygård, O; Vollset, SE; Refsum, H; Stensvold, I; Tverdal, A; Nordrehaug, JE; Ueland, M; Kvåle, G Total plasma homocysteine and cardiovascular risk profile. The Hordaland Homocysteine Study.". JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association 1995;274 (19): 1526–1533.
[4]	Shin MH, Moon YJ, Seo JE, Lee Y, Kim KH, Chung JH Reactive oxygen species produced by NADPH oxidase, xanthine oxidase, and mitochondrial electron transport system mediate heat shock-induced MMP-1 and MMP-9 expression. Free Radic Biol Med. 2008;44(4):635-645
[5]	Ciari I., Terzuoli L., Porcelli B., Coppola M G, Marinello E. Antioxidant status and purine bases in carotid artery plaque. Nucleosides Nucleotides & amp Nucleic Acids. 2008; 27(6):624-627
[6]	Meng XP, Yin CS, Cui JH, Li ZX, Wang L, Wang YW, Li YL. Inhibitory effect of N-acetylcysteine upon atherosclerotic processes in rabbit carotid. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2009; 89 (26):1850-3
[7]	Svensson L, Norén K, Wiklund O, Lindmark H, Ohlsson B, Hultén LM Inhibitory effects of N-acetylcysteine on scavenger receptor class A expression in human macrophages. J Intern Med. 2002; 251(5):437-446
[8]	Dodd S. Dean O. Copolov DL. Malhi GS. Berk M. N-acetylcysteine for antioxidant therapy: pharmacology and clinical utility in Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, vol. 8, nº 12, 2008, pp. 1955–1962
[9]	Yanni AE, Yatzidis HA, Kavantzas NG, Agapitos EV, Perrea DN, Karayannacos PE. Dietary L-aspartate and L-glutamate inhibit fatty streak initiation in cholesterol-fed rabbit. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2003;13(2):80-86
[10]	Schlieper G, Westenfeld R, Brandenburg V, Ketteler M. Inhibitors of calcification in blood and urine. Semin Dial. 2007;20(2):113-121
[11]	Kaĭdin DA. The effect of citric acid on experimental hypercholesteremia in atherosclerosis in rabbits. Biull Eksp Biol Med. 1968;65(3):36-39
[12]	Kaĭdin DA, Grebennik LI. The effect of citric acid and alkali and alkaline earth metal carbonates on the development of experimental hypercholesteremia and atherosclerosis in rabbits. Kardiologiia. 1967;7(4):123-127.
[13]	Libby P. Inflammation in atherosclerosis Nature, 2002; 420,868–874
[14]	Ross R. Atherosclerosis — an inflammatory disease N Engl J Med, 1999;40,115–126
[15]	Wiseman H, Halliwel B. Damage to DNA by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: role in inflammatory disease and progression to cancer Biochem J, 1996;313(1) 17–29
[16]	Cooke MS, Olinski R, Evans MD. Does measurement of oxidative damage to DNA have clinical significance? Clin Chim Acta, 2006; 365,30–49
[17]	Dizdaroglu M, Olinski R, Doroshow JH, Akman SA Modification of DNA bases in chromatin of intact target human cells by activated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes Cancer Res, 1993;53,1269–1272
[18]	De Flora S, Izzotti A, Walsh D, Degan P, Petrilli GL, Lewtas J Molecular epidemiology of atherosclerosis FASEB J, 1997;11,1021–1031
[19]	Collins AR, Gedik CM, Olmedilla B, Southon S, Bellizzi M Oxidative DNA damage measured in human lymphocytes: large differences between sexes and between countries, and correlations with heart disease mortality rates FASEB J, 1998;12,1397–1400
[20]	Martinet W, Knaapen MW, De Meyer GR, Herman AG, Kockx MM Elevated levels of oxidative DNA damage and DNA repair enzymes in human atherosclerotic plaques Circulation, 2002;106,927–932
[21]	Izzotti A, Piana A, Minniti G, Vercelli M, Perrone L, De Flora S Survival of atherosclerotic patients as related to oxidative stress and gene polymorphisms Mutat Res, 2007;621,119–128
[22]	Mercer JR, Cheng KK, Figg N, Gorenne I, Mahmoudi M, J. Griffin J et al.DNA damage links mitochondrial dysfunction to atherosclerosis and the metabolic syndrome Circ Res, 2010;107,1021–1031
[23]	Honda O, Sugiyama S, Kugiyama K, Fukushima H, S. Nakamura S, S Koide et al.Echolucent carotid plaques predict future coronary events in patients with coronary artery disease J Am Coll Cardiol, 2004;43,1177–1184
[24]	Johnsen SH, Mathiesen EB, Joakimsen O, Stensland E, Wilsgaard T, Lochen ML et al.Carotid atherosclerosis is a stronger predictor of myocardial infarction in women than in men: a 6-year follow-up study of 6226 persons: the Tromso Study Stroke, 2007;38,2873–2880
[25]	Hellings WE, Peeters W, Moll FL, Piers SR, Van Setten J, Van der Spek PJ et al. Composition of carotid atherosclerotic plaque is associated with cardiovascular outcome: a prognostic study Circulation, 2010;121,1941–1950
[26]	Bitto A, De Caridi G, Polito F, Calo M, Irrera N, Altavilla D et al. Evidence for markers of hypoxia and apoptosis in explanted human carotid atherosclerotic plaques J Vasc Surg, 2010;52,1015–1021

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Torricelli Piera, Ferorelli Pasquale, De Martino Angelo, Antonelli Francesco, Shevchenko Anna, et al. (2014). Regression of Carotid Plaques in Individuals at Low-to-intermediate Cardiovascular Risk Treated with Citozym and Propulzym. European Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2(3), 33-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Torricelli Piera; Ferorelli Pasquale; De Martino Angelo; Antonelli Francesco; Shevchenko Anna, et al. Regression of Carotid Plaques in Individuals at Low-to-intermediate Cardiovascular Risk Treated with Citozym and Propulzym. Eur. J. Prev. Med. 2014, 2(3), 33-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Torricelli Piera, Ferorelli Pasquale, De Martino Angelo, Antonelli Francesco, Shevchenko Anna, et al. Regression of Carotid Plaques in Individuals at Low-to-intermediate Cardiovascular Risk Treated with Citozym and Propulzym. Eur J Prev Med. 2014;2(3):33-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12,
  author = {Torricelli Piera and Ferorelli Pasquale and De Martino Angelo and Antonelli Francesco and Shevchenko Anna and Beninati Simone},
  title = {Regression of Carotid Plaques in Individuals at Low-to-intermediate Cardiovascular Risk Treated with Citozym and Propulzym},
  journal = {European Journal of Preventive Medicine},
  volume = {2},
  number = {3},
  pages = {33-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ejpm.20140203.12},
  abstract = {A prospective trial was performed to assess coronary plaque regression following about 5 months of treatments with two dietary supplements, Citozym and Propulzym. Coronary segments that included the most diseased plaque of 20 selected patients were analyzed using carotid ultrasound (CDUS). Inclusion criteria were as follows: 20 subjects (10 of control group and 10 of test group) aged between 54 and 74 years with a clear diagnosis of carotid plaque and stenosis percentage of not less than 40% and not more than 70%. The data obtained showed a wide inter-individual variability, with a range of reduction from 4% to 27%. It is interesting to note that the plaque reduction in one patient reached a value of about 27% observable with the ultrasonic examination. Since it is clear that carotid plaque morphology/stability is one of the most important factor regarding the definition of cardiovascular risk, our preliminary results suggest the possibility of a non-invasive treatment of carotid plaque.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Regression of Carotid Plaques in Individuals at Low-to-intermediate Cardiovascular Risk Treated with Citozym and Propulzym
AU  - Torricelli Piera
AU  - Ferorelli Pasquale
AU  - De Martino Angelo
AU  - Antonelli Francesco
AU  - Shevchenko Anna
AU  - Beninati Simone
Y1  - 2014/07/20
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12
T2  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
JO  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
SP  - 33
EP  - 37
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8230
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12
AB  - A prospective trial was performed to assess coronary plaque regression following about 5 months of treatments with two dietary supplements, Citozym and Propulzym. Coronary segments that included the most diseased plaque of 20 selected patients were analyzed using carotid ultrasound (CDUS). Inclusion criteria were as follows: 20 subjects (10 of control group and 10 of test group) aged between 54 and 74 years with a clear diagnosis of carotid plaque and stenosis percentage of not less than 40% and not more than 70%. The data obtained showed a wide inter-individual variability, with a range of reduction from 4% to 27%. It is interesting to note that the plaque reduction in one patient reached a value of about 27% observable with the ultrasonic examination. Since it is clear that carotid plaque morphology/stability is one of the most important factor regarding the definition of cardiovascular risk, our preliminary results suggest the possibility of a non-invasive treatment of carotid plaque.
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Torricelli Piera

Surgical Department, Hospital “A. Cardarelli”, Campobasso, Italy
Ferorelli Pasquale

Department of Biology, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
De Martino Angelo

Department of Biology, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
Antonelli Francesco

Department of Biology, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
Shevchenko Anna

Department of Science, People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Beninati Simone

Department of Biology, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Torricelli Piera, Ferorelli Pasquale, De Martino Angelo, Antonelli Francesco, Shevchenko Anna, et al. (2014). Regression of Carotid Plaques in Individuals at Low-to-intermediate Cardiovascular Risk Treated with Citozym and Propulzym. European Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2(3), 33-37. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Torricelli Piera; Ferorelli Pasquale; De Martino Angelo; Antonelli Francesco; Shevchenko Anna, et al. Regression of Carotid Plaques in Individuals at Low-to-intermediate Cardiovascular Risk Treated with Citozym and Propulzym. Eur. J. Prev. Med. 2014, 2(3), 33-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Torricelli Piera, Ferorelli Pasquale, De Martino Angelo, Antonelli Francesco, Shevchenko Anna, et al. Regression of Carotid Plaques in Individuals at Low-to-intermediate Cardiovascular Risk Treated with Citozym and Propulzym. Eur J Prev Med. 2014;2(3):33-37. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12,
  author = {Torricelli Piera and Ferorelli Pasquale and De Martino Angelo and Antonelli Francesco and Shevchenko Anna and Beninati Simone},
  title = {Regression of Carotid Plaques in Individuals at Low-to-intermediate Cardiovascular Risk Treated with Citozym and Propulzym},
  journal = {European Journal of Preventive Medicine},
  volume = {2},
  number = {3},
  pages = {33-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ejpm.20140203.12},
  abstract = {A prospective trial was performed to assess coronary plaque regression following about 5 months of treatments with two dietary supplements, Citozym and Propulzym. Coronary segments that included the most diseased plaque of 20 selected patients were analyzed using carotid ultrasound (CDUS). Inclusion criteria were as follows: 20 subjects (10 of control group and 10 of test group) aged between 54 and 74 years with a clear diagnosis of carotid plaque and stenosis percentage of not less than 40% and not more than 70%. The data obtained showed a wide inter-individual variability, with a range of reduction from 4% to 27%. It is interesting to note that the plaque reduction in one patient reached a value of about 27% observable with the ultrasonic examination. Since it is clear that carotid plaque morphology/stability is one of the most important factor regarding the definition of cardiovascular risk, our preliminary results suggest the possibility of a non-invasive treatment of carotid plaque.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Regression of Carotid Plaques in Individuals at Low-to-intermediate Cardiovascular Risk Treated with Citozym and Propulzym
AU  - Torricelli Piera
AU  - Ferorelli Pasquale
AU  - De Martino Angelo
AU  - Antonelli Francesco
AU  - Shevchenko Anna
AU  - Beninati Simone
Y1  - 2014/07/20
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12
T2  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
JO  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
SP  - 33
EP  - 37
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8230
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20140203.12
AB  - A prospective trial was performed to assess coronary plaque regression following about 5 months of treatments with two dietary supplements, Citozym and Propulzym. Coronary segments that included the most diseased plaque of 20 selected patients were analyzed using carotid ultrasound (CDUS). Inclusion criteria were as follows: 20 subjects (10 of control group and 10 of test group) aged between 54 and 74 years with a clear diagnosis of carotid plaque and stenosis percentage of not less than 40% and not more than 70%. The data obtained showed a wide inter-individual variability, with a range of reduction from 4% to 27%. It is interesting to note that the plaque reduction in one patient reached a value of about 27% observable with the ultrasonic examination. Since it is clear that carotid plaque morphology/stability is one of the most important factor regarding the definition of cardiovascular risk, our preliminary results suggest the possibility of a non-invasive treatment of carotid plaque.
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download