Geomorphological Explanation of Karstic Drainage Sensitivity toward Anthropogenic Pollutants in Kardeh Catchment, NE Iran

Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar; Abolfazl Behniafar; Hadi Ghanbarzadeh

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12

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Geomorphological Explanation of Karstic Drainage Sensitivity toward Anthropogenic Pollutants in Kardeh Catchment, NE Iran

Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar, Abolfazl Behniafar, Hadi Ghanbarzadeh

Published in International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy (Volume 2, Issue 3)

Received: 7 May 2014 Accepted: 12 May 2014 Published: 20 May 2014

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Abstract

In the present study, we aimed to geomorphological explanation of karst features and their environmental sensitivity in Kardeh catchment in Kopet–Dagh mountainous zone, NE Iran. Environmental sensitivity of karst is well marked by anthropogenic pollutants and land degradation problems in regions such as Kopet–Dagh, where some tens of karstic landforms are present over the Jurassic lithology. Anthropogenic pollutants resulted in intense environmental degradation and changed the natural karstic drainage in the catchment. We faced with karstified drainage, which supplies a portion of drinking–water of Mashhad metropolitan area. In Kardeh catchment, three main sources of anthropogenic pollutants to karst drainage have been identified: agricultural impacts, waste water entrance in hydrologic system of karst and garbage burying on carbonate prone rocks. Based on the comparison of fertilizers consumption and wastes production in the catchment we observed that the sub–basins of Balghur (Bl), Kharkat (Kh) and Mareshk (Ma) sub–basins have the most anthropogenic pollutants, where the carbonate formations of Mozduran 1, 2 (>75% of surface area) have the most environmental sensitivity. As a general rule, the protection of the hydrologic system of karst and management of the carbonate catchment are geomorphological strategies in environmental planning.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy (Volume 2, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12
Page(s)	113-117
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Anthropogenic Pollutants, Environmental Sensitivity, Geomorphology, Kardeh Catchment, Karstic Drainage

References

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APA Style

Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar, Abolfazl Behniafar, Hadi Ghanbarzadeh. (2014). Geomorphological Explanation of Karstic Drainage Sensitivity toward Anthropogenic Pollutants in Kardeh Catchment, NE Iran. International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy, 2(3), 113-117. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12

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ACS Style

Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar; Abolfazl Behniafar; Hadi Ghanbarzadeh. Geomorphological Explanation of Karstic Drainage Sensitivity toward Anthropogenic Pollutants in Kardeh Catchment, NE Iran. Int. J. Environ. Prot. Policy 2014, 2(3), 113-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12

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AMA Style

Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar, Abolfazl Behniafar, Hadi Ghanbarzadeh. Geomorphological Explanation of Karstic Drainage Sensitivity toward Anthropogenic Pollutants in Kardeh Catchment, NE Iran. Int J Environ Prot Policy. 2014;2(3):113-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12,
  author = {Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar and Abolfazl Behniafar and Hadi Ghanbarzadeh},
  title = {Geomorphological Explanation of Karstic Drainage Sensitivity toward Anthropogenic Pollutants in Kardeh Catchment, NE Iran},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy},
  volume = {2},
  number = {3},
  pages = {113-117},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijepp.20140203.12},
  abstract = {In the present study, we aimed to geomorphological explanation of karst features and their environmental sensitivity in Kardeh catchment in Kopet–Dagh mountainous zone, NE Iran. Environmental sensitivity of karst is well marked by anthropogenic pollutants and land degradation problems in regions such as Kopet–Dagh, where some tens of karstic landforms are present over the Jurassic lithology. Anthropogenic pollutants resulted in intense environmental degradation and changed the natural karstic drainage in the catchment. We faced with karstified drainage, which supplies a portion of drinking–water of Mashhad metropolitan area. In Kardeh catchment, three main sources of anthropogenic pollutants to karst drainage have been identified: agricultural impacts, waste water entrance in hydrologic system of karst and garbage burying on carbonate prone rocks. Based on the comparison of fertilizers consumption and wastes production in the catchment we observed that the sub–basins of Balghur (Bl), Kharkat (Kh) and Mareshk (Ma) sub–basins have the most anthropogenic pollutants, where the carbonate formations of Mozduran 1, 2 (>75% of surface area) have the most environmental sensitivity. As a general rule, the protection of the hydrologic system of karst and management of the carbonate catchment are geomorphological strategies in environmental planning.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Geomorphological Explanation of Karstic Drainage Sensitivity toward Anthropogenic Pollutants in Kardeh Catchment, NE Iran
AU  - Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar
AU  - Abolfazl Behniafar
AU  - Hadi Ghanbarzadeh
Y1  - 2014/05/20
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
SP  - 113
EP  - 117
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7536
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12
AB  - In the present study, we aimed to geomorphological explanation of karst features and their environmental sensitivity in Kardeh catchment in Kopet–Dagh mountainous zone, NE Iran. Environmental sensitivity of karst is well marked by anthropogenic pollutants and land degradation problems in regions such as Kopet–Dagh, where some tens of karstic landforms are present over the Jurassic lithology. Anthropogenic pollutants resulted in intense environmental degradation and changed the natural karstic drainage in the catchment. We faced with karstified drainage, which supplies a portion of drinking–water of Mashhad metropolitan area. In Kardeh catchment, three main sources of anthropogenic pollutants to karst drainage have been identified: agricultural impacts, waste water entrance in hydrologic system of karst and garbage burying on carbonate prone rocks. Based on the comparison of fertilizers consumption and wastes production in the catchment we observed that the sub–basins of Balghur (Bl), Kharkat (Kh) and Mareshk (Ma) sub–basins have the most anthropogenic pollutants, where the carbonate formations of Mozduran 1, 2 (>75% of surface area) have the most environmental sensitivity. As a general rule, the protection of the hydrologic system of karst and management of the carbonate catchment are geomorphological strategies in environmental planning.
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar

Department of Physical Geography, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Abolfazl Behniafar

Department of Physical Geography, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Hadi Ghanbarzadeh

Department of Physical Geography, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

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APA Style

Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar, Abolfazl Behniafar, Hadi Ghanbarzadeh. (2014). Geomorphological Explanation of Karstic Drainage Sensitivity toward Anthropogenic Pollutants in Kardeh Catchment, NE Iran. International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy, 2(3), 113-117. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12

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ACS Style

Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar; Abolfazl Behniafar; Hadi Ghanbarzadeh. Geomorphological Explanation of Karstic Drainage Sensitivity toward Anthropogenic Pollutants in Kardeh Catchment, NE Iran. Int. J. Environ. Prot. Policy 2014, 2(3), 113-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12

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AMA Style

Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar, Abolfazl Behniafar, Hadi Ghanbarzadeh. Geomorphological Explanation of Karstic Drainage Sensitivity toward Anthropogenic Pollutants in Kardeh Catchment, NE Iran. Int J Environ Prot Policy. 2014;2(3):113-117. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12,
  author = {Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar and Abolfazl Behniafar and Hadi Ghanbarzadeh},
  title = {Geomorphological Explanation of Karstic Drainage Sensitivity toward Anthropogenic Pollutants in Kardeh Catchment, NE Iran},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy},
  volume = {2},
  number = {3},
  pages = {113-117},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijepp.20140203.12},
  abstract = {In the present study, we aimed to geomorphological explanation of karst features and their environmental sensitivity in Kardeh catchment in Kopet–Dagh mountainous zone, NE Iran. Environmental sensitivity of karst is well marked by anthropogenic pollutants and land degradation problems in regions such as Kopet–Dagh, where some tens of karstic landforms are present over the Jurassic lithology. Anthropogenic pollutants resulted in intense environmental degradation and changed the natural karstic drainage in the catchment. We faced with karstified drainage, which supplies a portion of drinking–water of Mashhad metropolitan area. In Kardeh catchment, three main sources of anthropogenic pollutants to karst drainage have been identified: agricultural impacts, waste water entrance in hydrologic system of karst and garbage burying on carbonate prone rocks. Based on the comparison of fertilizers consumption and wastes production in the catchment we observed that the sub–basins of Balghur (Bl), Kharkat (Kh) and Mareshk (Ma) sub–basins have the most anthropogenic pollutants, where the carbonate formations of Mozduran 1, 2 (>75% of surface area) have the most environmental sensitivity. As a general rule, the protection of the hydrologic system of karst and management of the carbonate catchment are geomorphological strategies in environmental planning.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Geomorphological Explanation of Karstic Drainage Sensitivity toward Anthropogenic Pollutants in Kardeh Catchment, NE Iran
AU  - Mohammad Reza Mansouri Daneshvar
AU  - Abolfazl Behniafar
AU  - Hadi Ghanbarzadeh
Y1  - 2014/05/20
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
SP  - 113
EP  - 117
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-7536
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20140203.12
AB  - In the present study, we aimed to geomorphological explanation of karst features and their environmental sensitivity in Kardeh catchment in Kopet–Dagh mountainous zone, NE Iran. Environmental sensitivity of karst is well marked by anthropogenic pollutants and land degradation problems in regions such as Kopet–Dagh, where some tens of karstic landforms are present over the Jurassic lithology. Anthropogenic pollutants resulted in intense environmental degradation and changed the natural karstic drainage in the catchment. We faced with karstified drainage, which supplies a portion of drinking–water of Mashhad metropolitan area. In Kardeh catchment, three main sources of anthropogenic pollutants to karst drainage have been identified: agricultural impacts, waste water entrance in hydrologic system of karst and garbage burying on carbonate prone rocks. Based on the comparison of fertilizers consumption and wastes production in the catchment we observed that the sub–basins of Balghur (Bl), Kharkat (Kh) and Mareshk (Ma) sub–basins have the most anthropogenic pollutants, where the carbonate formations of Mozduran 1, 2 (>75% of surface area) have the most environmental sensitivity. As a general rule, the protection of the hydrologic system of karst and management of the carbonate catchment are geomorphological strategies in environmental planning.
VL  - 2
IS  - 3
ER  -

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